Corbec Inc.
Galvanizing
GALVANIZATION PROCESS
What is hot-dip galvanizing (HDG)
Hot-dip galvanizing is a metallurgical bond between steel and molten zinc, produced in specific installations and under controlled conditions. The process of molecular bonding between two metals is unique and simple, yet provides excellent molecular bonding and cathodic protection.
Pre-galvanizing inspection of materials
We will begin by inspecting all received material in order to make sure that the steel can be galvanized according to specifications and to determine if:
- Design, welds, fabrication methods and general surface conditions are allowing for regular HDG-steps and process;
- There is paint or any other contaminant (varnish, lacquer, etc.) that requires additional steps, such as cleaning by sandblasting or chemical treatment;
- Steel assemblies require extra draining and venting holes;
- There is indication of other elements potentially affecting the normal galvanization process.
Cleaning and grease removal
The steel is then processed for surface preparation:
- Grease, oil, markings and dirt removal in a degreasing solution.
- Pickling hydrochloric or sulfuric acid solutions remove all traces of surface rust and mill scale.
Fluxing
When the steel is thoroughly cleansed, it is then immersed in a liquid flux - ammonium chloride solution - that will protect and prevent oxidation prior to dipping in the molten zinc bath. It will also promote the steel's adhesive properties.
Galvanizing
- Once surface preparation is complete, the steel is immersed in a bath of molten zinc at between 815-850F. During this step, the zinc metallurgically bonds to the steel, creating a series of highly abrasion-resistant zinc-iron alloy layers, commonly topped by a layer of impact-resistant pure zinc.
- This step requires very little time and the zinc alloy layers are created when the steel reaches the temperature of the molten zinc. Once the layers are formed, the material is slowly withdrawn from the kettle, which usually provides a smooth and uniform surface.
Cooling / quenching
- Upon exiting the zinc kettle, excess zinc is removed by draining and cooled by dipping in water (commonly called quenching), allowing quick handling.
- Other cooling solutions exist - they contain other substances allowing for partial passivation of surfaces, which in turn prevent staining and premature oxidation. In the case of reinforcing steel (or rebar), it is preferable to use a chromate solution: this substance promotes compatibility with various concrete compounds.
- In some cases, quenching might not be recommended because of design considerations or because of the product's end-use. Air-cooling is then recommended. Circumstances and practices can include distortion prevention and painting after galvanizing.
Final inspection
Surface condition and coating thickness inspections complete the process. They will ensure that the galvanizing meets international hot-dip galvanizing standards. A certificate of conformity is available upon request.
Please note that, to maintain our process' efficiency and optimal performance, we regularly inspect all process solutions and equipment, as well as our procedures and measuring (and verification) equipment.
Source: https://www.corbecgalv.com/eg/galvanizing.php
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